Source:- Google.com.pk
In the modern
age and even due to limited supply of Indian Traditional Mehndi artists,
usually people buy ready-made Henna cones, which are ready to use and make
painting easy. However, in rural areas in India, women grind fresh henna leaves
on grinding stones with added oil, which though not as refined as
professionally prepared henna cones, achieves much darker colors.
The term henna
tattoo is figurative, because true tattoos are
permanent surgical insertions of pigments into the skin, as opposed to pigments resting on
the surface as is the case with mehndi.
Likely due to
the desire for a "tattoo-black" appearance, many people have started
adding the synthetic dye p-Phenylenediamine (PPD)
to henna to give it a black colour. PPD may cause severe allergic reactions and
was voted Allergen of the Year in 2006 by the American Contact Dermatitis
Society. Alata (Mahur) is a flower-based dye used similarly to henna to paint
the feet of the brides in some regions of India. It is still used in Bengal.
Mehndi is a
ceremonial art form which originated in ancient Subcontinent of
India which is now Pakistan and India. Intricate patterns of
mehndi are typically applied to brides before wedding ceremonies. The groom is
also painted in some parts of India. In Rajasthan, the grooms are given designs that are often as
elaborate as those for brides. In Assam,
apart from marriage, it is broadly used by unmarried women during Rongali bihu, but there are no restrictions on its use by
married women.
Muslims in
Pakistan also started to use it as an indication of coming of age. Henna is now
also used in some Gulf States, where
the night before the wedding night is dedicated to decorating the bride with
henna, and called "Henna night". Also, as an alternative to a 'hen
party' in the Western countries, some families have "Mehndi nights",
or "henna nights", similar to the ones in the Gulf States. The bride
and also close friends of the bride have their hands, arms and even feet
decorated with henna. In the Middle East and Africa, it is common for women to
apply henna to their fingernails and toenails and to their hands.
Henna paste
is usually applied on the skin using a plastic cone or a paint brush, but
sometimes a small metal-tipped jacquard[disambiguation needed] bottle used for silk painting (a jac
bottle) is employed. After about 15–20 minutes, the mud will dry and begin to
crack, and during this time, a mixture of lemon juice and white sugar can be
applied over the henna design to remoisten the henna mud so that the henna will
stain darker. The painted area is then wrapped with tissue, plastic, or medical
tape to lock in body heat, creating a more intense colour on the skin. The wrap
(not a traditional method), is worn for 2 to 6 hours, or sometimes overnight
and then removed. When first removed, the henna design is pale to dark orange
in colour and gradually darkens through oxidation, over the course of 24 to 72
hours. The final color is reddish brown and can last anywhere from one to three
weeks depending on the quality and type of henna paste applied, as well as
where it was applied on the body (thicker skin stains darker and longer than
thin skin). Moisturizing with natural oils, such as olive, sesame seed, or
coconut, will also help extend the lifetime of the stain. Skin exfoliation
causes the henna tattoo to fade.
Traditional
Pakistani and Hindu Weddings in India can
often be long, ritualistic, and elaborate affairs with many pre-wedding,
wedding and post wedding ceremonies. Different countries and regions of a
country celebrate the ceremonies in different ways according to their own
marriage customs, rituals, and culture.
According to
Hindu tradition, the ceremony is mainly held at the bride's house or at a
banquet hall on the eve of the marriage ceremony or few days before the
marriage. Generally the bride and groom attend the event together and on the
occasion a professional mehndi artist or a relative applies mehndi to the
bride's hands and feet. The designs are very intricate. Often hidden within the
mehndi pattern the name or initials of the groom are applied. The event
generally has a celebratory festival feel to it with the women dancing and
singing traditional songs and the girls wearing vivid colors such as hot pink
and yellow, often if the bride to be wishes to tease her future groom she will
make him wear purple. The groom usually wears jutti instead
of western footwear.
In Pakistan, the Mehndi is often one of the most important and
fun filled pre-wedding ceremonies, which is celebrated mainly by the bride's
family. In Bangladesh, the Mehndi ceremony has
traditionally been separated into two events; one organized by the bride's
family and one, by the groom's family. Mehndi ceremonies take place outside
India, Pakistan and Bangladesh amongst the South Asian community and places like Birmingham in the
UK are such known hotspots for lavish Mehndi celebrations.
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